|
| Looking back towards
Cloncurry from the area near the Great Australian
Mine |
Cloncurry (including Duchess)
Quiet outback township with a number of interesting and
unusual attractions.
Located 766 km west of Townsville and 189 m above sea-level,
Cloncurry owes its existence to the discovery of copper and
its subsequent status as the most important transportation
centre in Western Queensland. Indeed the first copper in
Western Queensland was discovered here. The first regular
Qantas flight landed at Cloncurry and John Flynn established
his first Flying Doctor Base in the town.
In spite of these important historical milestones
Cloncurry's development has been stunted due to its
proximity to West Queensland's largest centre, Mount Isa.
Its continuing existence derives from its location at the
junction of the major roads from Townsville, the Gulf,
Winton, Longreach, and Mount Isa.
The first Europeans in the area were Burke and Wills who
passed through the rugged country between present-day
Cloncurry and Mount Isa on their way to the Gulf of
Carpentaria. A monument at the side of the Flinders Highway
between the two towns records that they were in the area on
22 January 1861. Burke named a nearby river after his
cousin, Lady Elizabeth Cloncurry and this was extended to
the town when it was surveyed and gazetted in 1876.
The search for Burke and Wills brought the explorer John
McKinlay to the area. He noted traces of copper but it was
the pastoralist and prospector Ernest Henry who, in 1867,
discovered the rich deposits of copper upon which the
settlement of the area was based.
Ernest Henry was a hugely important figure in the early
history of Queensland. At the age of 23 he accompanied
George Dalrymple on his exploration of the Burdekin River
area. He subsequently owned property on the Upper Dawson
River and later he established the station which he called
Hughenden, after his mother's birthplace in England.
Henry is Cloncurry's founding father. Not only did he
find the first copper in the area but he also established
the Great Australian Mine, which operated continuously until
the 1920s when the bottom fell out of the copper market,
ending over 50 years of growth for the town.
By 1879 a hospital had been built. In the 1880s a school
was erected and the local newspaper, the Cloncurry Advocate,
was established. A further substantial copper deposit was
discovered in 1883. The success of the mining operations was
accompanied by the development of the area as a major
pastoral region.
The railway from Townsville arrived in 1908 making the
town a vital transportion centre for the pastoral interests
which lay to the west and the north.
Cloncurry has much to appeal to the visitor, including a
number of interesting museums and some important relics of
the early copper-mining days.
Things to see:
The Great Australian Mine
It is still possible to visit the site of the mine. It is
located to the south of town across the railway line from
Schaeffe Street. Beyond the railway line the road diverges
into a myriad of tracks and it is wise to seek clear
instructions. Most people have two or three attempts before
they find the site.
John Flynn Place
Perhaps Cloncurry's most important museum is that dedicated
to Rev. John Flynn (Flynn of the Inland). It was at
Cloncurry that the Royal Flying Doctor Service was
established in 1928. Flynn's choice of Cloncurry was based
on its proximity to the mining camps and scattered
pastoralists, all of whom were poorly served by any kind of
medical services.
John Flynn Place, a Bicentennial Project, is an excellent
overview of the Flynn legacy. It moves progressively from an
image of outback conditions at the turn of the century to
the history of Flynn himself. The display includes some
interesting personal memorabilia and explanations of how the
whole Flying Doctor system worked in the early days. There
is something enormously appealing about Flynn's story. It is
the triumph of an unceasing commitment against huge odds.
The result of his labours is still in evidence today when,
even with modern technology, the Royal Flying Doctor Service
is still in operation due to the isolation of the outback
areas of Western Australia, Queensland, South Australia and
the Northern Territory. It is even said of the small opal
mining community of Yowah in south-west Queensland that they
don't want a telephone connection because they feel that it
might jeopardise their access to the Flying Doctor.
Flynn's vision is neatly summed up on the Flynn Memorial
which stands over 600 km to the west (at the Three Ways near
Tennant Creek). The dedication observes: 'Flynn saw that
only radio and fast efficient transport would really
overcome the inland's vast distances. At a time when his
ideas seemed wild and revolutionary, he developed a scheme
which combined aircraft, radios and medicine to provide a
mantle of safety for inland people. The establishment of the
Royal Flying Doctor Service was mainly due to his vision and
energy. The first Flying Doctor base was established in 1928
at Cloncurry. Today there are 20 such bases serving some
2200 radio and outstations scattered over some 70 per cent
of Australia's land area.'
The museum is open from 8.00 a.m. to 4.30 p.m. on
weekdays, year round. From May to the end of September it is
also open weekends from 9.00 a.m. to 3.00 p.m., tel: (07)
4727 7500.
|
| An old steam engine at
the Mary Kathleen Park and Museum
|
The Mary Kathleen Memorial Park and Museum
Entering Cloncurry from the east, the first place to catch
the eye is The Mary Kathleen Memorial Museum and Park. When
the uranium mining town of Mary Kathleen (q.v.) folded and
its contents auctioned off, the museum obtained a number of
buildings and some important relics from the site. The sign,
which once stood on the road into the town, is prominantly
displayed. It proclaims: 'Welcome to Mary Kathleen. This
town was built by MK Uranium Ltd for the mining of the
uranium deposit discovered by Walton McConickie Prospectors
syndicate to produce uranium oxide. The town mine treatment
plant and Lake Corella were completed between April 1956 and
May 1958 and the project is under the management of CRA
Ltd.'
The museum also houses an excellent collection of rocks
from the area. Its prize possession is Robert O'Hara Burke's
waterbottle. Located in McIlwraith St, it is open from 8.00
a.m. to 4.30 p.m. on weekdays, year round. From May to the
end of September it is also open weekends from 9.00 a.m. to
3.00 p.m., tel: (07) 4742 1361.
Historic Sites
The town's post office (1885), courthouse (1898) and Chinese
and Afghan cemeteries are all of interest. The so-called
Afghan Cemetery, on the fringes of the town's old cemetery,
contains only one marked grave (with the headstone pointing
towards Mecca) and a number of unmarked graves which are
indicated by numbers.
Duchess
132 km to the south of the town is the small mining
community of Duchess. Copper was discovered here in the late
1890s but it wasn't mined until 1904 when it became the
richest mine in the area producing considerably more copper
than Cloncurry's Great Australian Mine. The town eventually
went into decline. However, it was revitalised when
phosphate was discovered to the south in the 1960s. Today it
is nothing more than a very isolated mining town.
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